What is the essence of a data center migration hyper fusion architecture?

Data center migration, we do not judge right and wrong, nor is to explore the real super fusion, but again check, think about why are now focused on super fusion, what kind of IT infrastructure more "suitable" in today's business.

First of all, the reason for choosing the superfusion architecture is that traditional storage cannot solve the problem of enterprise data center.
According to the McKinsey study, global IT data are increasing at a rate of 40% a year.Data is gradually affecting business, and enterprises make decisions and management through data analysis.
Alone, however, more and more faster and faster, auditing of the CPU is not enough, the bottleneck is that traditional storage disk is too slow, most computing capacity idle CPU or waiting to store data transmission to come over.Traditional storage capacity and performance do not have the scalability to match the "computing power", which can not meet the requirement of enterprise data access.
The problem is not new.Google has had this problem early.So how does GuGe do it?
As an enterprise that provides data retrieval to Internet users around the world, GuGe has considered EMC, IBM, and SUN storage products of that year, but it can't solve its problems.Neither the capacity nor the performance, the products of these companies can satisfy the scale demand of Google.So Google can only build a storage structure for its own data search.
Google excellent computer scientists, has broken the traditional thinking of storage using the server's local hard disk and software built a capacity and performance is scalable distributed file system, and built its search and analysis on the calculation of engine: don't have to remove the data from the store, and then through the network transmission to the computing side, but the operation on the distributed computing directly into the store, to transmit "computing" as a unit for transmission, such large amounts of data storage is local access, no longer need to across the network transmission, natural visit soon.As a result, naturally, "computing" and "storage" run (" fusion ") on a server, here we can see one of the strengths of the super fusion architecture is that local access to data, do not have to across a network.
The amount of data that modern enterprises bigger and bigger, more and more applications, they began to face problems when Google, cios must consider how to more efficient to build their own computing and storage infrastructure, to meet the demand of the application data access.
Virtual into easier management applications, it solves the problem of CPU, memory resources idle.But with the large-scale application of virtualization, virtual machines are becoming more and more, and virtual machines are running slower and slower on traditional storage."Slow" causes "poor experience" and "poor experience" becomes the biggest bottleneck restricting the application of virtualization.Here the nature is the most important reasons, the storage I/O performance is not enough, a large number of virtual machine and container running at the same time, the I/O hybrid, the random read/write a sharp increase in the structure of traditional storage can't afford a lot of random I/o. super fusion is precisely in order to solve this problem, was taken to the field of virtualization and container.At the same time, the industry also has different ways to solve the problem of I/O, we try to analyze the other solution: to solve method: do the Cache in a storage device adopts the SSD, accelerated I/o. this under certain scale may be effective, but the storage devices SSD Cache ratio is small, usually less than 5% of the capacity than the case, it is difficult to meet the user's thermal data Cache requirements.In addition, it is still impossible to expand on demand, and all data still flows out of the centralized storage controller, which is bound to block the "highway".
Solution 2: using the server side SSD Cache, accelerated I/o. a similar solution, usually lack the support of high reliability software on the server side Cache if used to write Cache, a single point of failure problem, need to be in more than one server Cache devices, do transcripts to provide reliability, can say this is a super gimped fusion architecture, the Cache on the server side, still use traditional storage, when the Cache is full, need to be written back to the traditional storage, is still the "controller" of traditional storage limit the overall performance.
We see, the above two solutions are limited by the structure of traditional storage, storage is not super fusion, through the completely get rid of traditional storage, distributed file system is used to provide the "limit" performance and capacity, on this basis, through the Cache to accelerate again, even all use flash memory (full flash memory products) to build is a natural, not be restricted.
Super fusion architecture, therefore, not for a single server storage quickly, but in order for each additional servers, storage performance is linear, so don't limit the storage structure of the operation of the enterprise business, and ensure the reliability of the business.
Because of this extensive sharing of storage, the whole Google business is running smoothly.What SMARTX is doing is a better, more stable base service.
In addition, the reason for the rapid development of superfusion in recent years is due to the hardware equipment.More and more number of CPU cores, the server's memory capacity is more and more big, the SSD equipment and Internet network equipment is more and more fast, which means: a. the server resources in addition to run the business, you can still set aside enough CPU and memory resources to run the storage software.Running the storage software and business together reduces the amount of equipment, reduces the power usage, and the local reading improves the access efficiency of I/O.This was not possible a few years ago, because CPU and memory were too limited.
B. interconnection network is more and more quickly, whether Wan Zhao, 40 gb Ethernet, or Infiniband (unlimited broadband technology), which makes the software we will separate storage devices for interconnection, the distributed file system the formation of a Shared storage pool, for the use of the upper application.
C. if the SSD to hardware manufacturers such as a single storage device to run faster, the meaning of our software is that more than a lot of these storage devices, work together to provide endless overall performance and capacity.

How to optimize the structure of Website design

Website design is a technology live, but after the website construction is good, is not to say that since you do not need to control, maintenance and optimization of the site is also very important, but is not to say that you can understand the code construction site, because a lot of people on the website a little knowledge, designed by the the website search engine will be identified as spam sites.

How does web design optimize the structure? We need to know the truth of what the content is. The optimization of the website is divided into many different aspects, such as the optimization of the website structure, the optimization of the internal chain, the optimization of navigation, the optimization of the code and so on.
First, the generalization of the page structure
The simplification of the page structure is simply to say that the page needs to meet the needs of most users. When we were in the construction site, should be considered when the user visits the page needs and goals from different angles, on the basis of this, we consider whether the site is beautiful, how to give the user the impression, will allow the user to generate a desire to visit again, especially for some group purchase website is optimized to attach importance to website page.
Second. The optimization of page navigation
Everyone needs to set up a navigation, this is to allow users to quickly and easily find what they want to visit the page and content, if your website page setup is very complex, even a very eye-catching, others can't find what they want, then your website is the failure of the site and because the user does not feel good, next time will not browse this page. Because now the network is developing very fast. No one will be very patient to browse and search on a page. Your website will not be found. He will immediately close the page and enter other people's website to find what he wants. So the setting of navigation can not be too deep, so that users will lose their way, which will also lose a lot of customers.
Third, optimization of internal chain structure
The function of the inner chain is to make the content of the whole website coherent. In fact, the inner chain is very simple. Do not link all links to the front page, or a page. A different internal chain should be added to different pages, which can guide users into the related pages and understand more. And the rationality of the optimization of the internal chain, to improve the weight of the website has a great role.
As for the optimization of website structure design, let's simply talk about the above three points. Website optimization is cost-effective in promoting website, but optimizing website needs a process, and it is impossible to get instant results immediately.

機房建置：數據中心的存儲事宜尤爲重要

機房建置，自IT技術獲得蓬勃發展以來，數據一直是當前IT企業組織最爲重要的戰略資源。而這一流程其實很簡單：企業通過傳感器來收集數據信息，而分析人員們則通過數據挖掘，並從各個可能的維度對數據進行綜合性的分析。所有這些流程都是試圖將數據轉化爲有形的東西，以便用來幫助您企業進一步的賺錢或者省錢。當前，全球範圍內正在產生比以往更多的數據信息，而且，數據涌入數據中心的速度和數據量也同樣的勢不可擋。總之，當下的現實情況是：全球數據信息的瘋狂增長並沒有絲毫減慢的趨勢，並且速度還在進一步的加快，故而企業的存儲系統正變得越來越滿，所以，企業數據中心的運營管理人員們亟待採取相關的措施，以積極的應對這一狀況。

不斷變化的存儲前景而與此同時，關於分析和機器學習的相關科學和實踐方案正在以指數級的速度迅猛發展前進。現如今，計算和內存比計算曆史上的任何時刻都爲便宜和強大。來自NVIDIA和AMD公司等供應商的價格合理的GPU產品，以及廣泛可用的開源分析和深度學習軟件，賦予了當前任何有這方面需求的企業組織執行深度分析的能力。當前的各個企業組織都在利用這些新發現的功能來查看曾經被歸檔或丟棄的數據，以便能夠找出以前未知或難以確定的洞察分析見解。可以說，數據的戰略價值正在穩步升級。
處理數據信息的這場革命極大地改變了當前的IT企業組織思考其數據中心架構的方式。再沒有新的數據處理模型所帶來的影響比存儲架構更具衝擊力的了。用能夠挖掘和分析數據信息的新機器取代現有的計算資源是一回事，但在很多時候其僅僅只是要求簡單的機架替換而已。然而，企業組織在這一過程中，務必要弄清楚如何讓這些資源保持以穩定的數據流的形式進行處理。
傳統的存儲架構已經發展到能夠滿足傳統企業數據處理工作流程的需求了。當這些工作流程發生變化或由新的數據密集型應用程序——如分析或處理物聯網（IoT）數據——補充時，會對所有基本假設提出挑戰，以確保您企業組織所部署的架構能夠可擴展的滿足您企業的業務需求。
在過去五年中，存儲行業出現了大量的創新。存儲已經從充滿旋轉磁盤陣列的存儲盒發展成爲一系列的解決方案了，這些解決方案實現了線速加密和重複數據刪除技術，從而在超高速閃存存儲中脫穎而出。而在2018年，存儲行業大規模創新的步伐絲毫沒有減速的跡象，伴隨着一系列新興技術的出現，企業用戶存儲需求的快速發展也將繼續。
我們當前所處的位置及未來的前進方向鑑於計算和內存容量的增加，以及虛擬化技術的商品化，使得現如今的存儲系統正在開始越來越多地承擔更多不同的工作負載。超融合基礎設施（HCI）和融合基礎設施（CI）架構便是從這一方面發展而來的。超融合基礎設施和融合基礎設施允許企業用戶以五年前聞所未聞的方式整合他們的計算和存儲。這模糊了IT責任之間的界限，並要求企業用戶需要以比以前所需的更全面的方式來考慮您的數據中心架構。
今年，隨着英特爾將其Optane功能進一步擴展到SSD固態硬盤，並可能進入服務器級的內存，我們或將看到flash閃存存儲的速度將會進一步的加快。Optane是一種新型閃存技術，與當今基於3D NAND的技術相比，可提供更高的續航能力（數量級），以及更高的性能延遲和吞吐量。
設計旨在跟上這一大規模數據流的新的互連使得圍繞着諸如Optane這樣的技術來構建系統的OEM生產廠商們能夠充分利用這些設備的功能。到2018年，大多數存儲系統提供商將廣泛採用NVMe（一種低延遲、無控制器的閃存接口）。同樣，我們將看到NVMe over Fabric（NVMe-F）將開始出現在產品中，進而爲外部存儲帶來閃存速度。NVMe-F將跨一系列的傳輸運行，從InfiniBand到100Gbps的以太網。其會很快變得非常混亂。
這不僅僅是關乎到SSD藉助Optane功能獲得加速。該技術直接進入個人電腦和服務器的內存插槽，稱爲存儲級內存 （Storage Class Memory）。存儲級內存帶來了通常與硬盤驅動器和SSD固態硬盤有關的持久性，並將其與接近主內存的速度耦合，併爲應用程序開發人員提供了內存分析和深度學習算法的持久性的新模型。永久性存儲不再僅僅是磁盤驅動器和SSD固態硬盤了。
硬件本身並不能解決快速有效管理存儲數據的問題。利用存儲級內存和更快的NVMe及NVMe-F閃存將需要大量的操作系統和應用程序軟件的支持——而在2018年，我們有望將會看到越來越多的這方面的支持。微軟利用英特爾持久內存參考代碼開始在其微軟Windows Server 2016以及Windows 10 系統的年度更新中支持存儲級內存。該支持正在下一版本的Windows Server中進行更新。最新的Linux內核也支持這些技術。微軟SQL Server也像甲骨文公司一樣利用存儲級內存。內存計算領域正在迅速獲得支持。
英特爾的Optane、超融合基礎設施架構、融合基礎設施架構、NVMe、對象存儲和其他的新技術只是讓您企業組織的IT部門爲您的數據需求制定獨特解決方案的基石。定義這些解決方案是非常有趣的。新的存儲層將在2018年流行起來，並將徹底改變應用程序架構師們所理解的性能方式。頂級存儲將開始利用存儲級內存，而次級存儲則將利用SSD固態硬盤。與此同時，較低層將關注更傳統的存儲技術。數據將在這些層之間快速遷移。數據將被收集、處理、分析，以獲得洞察分析見解，然後在被存儲一段時間之後，將再次被重新訪問並再次進行分析。
所有這一切對於傳統企業的IT部門而言意味着什麼呢？其意味着顛覆。並將意味着企業的相關管理人員和高層們需要對對存儲架構進行重新思考，並對其合作伙伴進行重新的審視。在新的數據分層對於當前企業業務的成敗變得尤其至關重要的大背景下，企業亟待進行關鍵型業務應用程序的數據需求的盤點整理。你企業組織的供應商可能會改變。來自諸如戴爾技術公司、惠普企業公司、IBM和NetApp等供應商的傳統存儲解決方案將繼續在市場上保持其地位，但它們將越來越多地受到早期技術公司的補充。所有閃存陣列現在都是主流，在該市場上現在有了諸如Pure Storage， Inc.公司等新的競爭者。超融合基礎設施架構解決方案正在大規模的被企業數據中心所採用，這推動了諸如Nutanix，Inc.公司、惠普企業公司旗下的Simplivity公司和戴爾技術公司旗下VCE集團等供應廠商的興起。
企業IT部門不能假定他們能夠充分理解正在出現的各種新興技術之間的所有細微差別。而與此同時，您企業也不能完全百分百的信任您企業的傳統OEM，以便隨時瞭解掌握數據中心行業的新興趨勢。故而全面的溝通對話將變得至關重要。一家明智的企業組織將擁有大量的外部跨各種技術供應商的數據合作伙伴。數據合作伙伴關係應包括關鍵業務應用程序合作伙伴（如微軟、甲骨文、SAS或SAP），服務器合作伙伴（如惠普企業公司和戴爾公司）以及傳統的存儲合作伙伴（如IBM、NetApp公司）。此外，合作伙伴還應該包括新興的技術領導者（如Pure Storage和Nutanix公司）以及在各個相關領域的核心技術提供商。
OEM原始設備製造商們將會爲您企業提供產品視角。這可能並不明顯，但與諸如英特爾這樣的基礎設施合作伙伴的溝通對話，則應該成爲您企業關於存儲戰略的重要組成部分。正是這種技術合作夥伴，能夠在幾乎所有存儲解決方案的產品中啓用底層技術，並推動解決方案遵循行業標準，這將提供涵蓋OEM供應廠商所能提供的背景和洞察力。
在2018年，企業數據中心的存儲將可能變得比以往任何一年都更爲至關重要。數據是企業組織的一種極爲重要的戰略資源，而如何更好的打造利用這些數據的機制將成爲您企業業務成功的核心。數據將推動您企業的競爭優勢的增強。與此同時，切記不要孤軍奮戰！您企業的市場競爭數據戰略必須包含與貴公司數據合作伙伴的廣泛對話溝通。在定義您企業的未來的發展戰略時，務必重視從數據中心的存儲領域獲取洞察觀點。

Data center migration, how to build a hyper fusion data center

Data center migration, superfusion system as the latest integrated data center product is successfully implementing the integration of infrastructure products.For many companies, superfusion represents the modernization of their data centers in a way that is accessible and affordable.

In this article, we will help you understand the relevant knowledge of building hyperfusion data center through the introduction of the main building trend of the virtual data center.It also gives you a clear idea of what companies are currently using a hyperfusion system and how to avoid being locked up by vendors.
The superfusion trend of building virtual data centers.
The trend of data center consolidation continues, and the pre-integrated fusion infrastructure is giving way to more tightly integrated superfusion products.The superfusion system brings simplicity to management and task integration, but they actually define the term "vendor lock-in".Therefore, enterprise data center managers need to understand the relevant basic knowledge of the superfusion system and how to work in a virtual environment.
What is superfusion?
Superfusion takes a modular approach to centralizing key IT system components into a box or system and managing the box or system through the software layer.The superfusion market is growing fast, with established suppliers and emerging start-ups competing aggressively to win customers.
Are superfusion and fusion infrastructure the same concept?
The main difference is that the components of grid software management constitute the superfusion infrastructure products.The fusion infrastructure is a bundle of components, and the superfusion iteration is not just a simple integration package, but a management console for all the included systems.Fusion systems are usually only includes storage and servers together, or increase the computation, but the initial fusion products are growing, now includes data deduplication, compression and other functions such as backup.
How does superfusion fit into the virtual data center?
A hyperfusion system usually inserts existing infrastructure to make integration easier.The virtual machine can be migrated to the fusion system and managed through the interface.The product either integrates with the enterprise's virtual platform or provides its own virtual platform.Many of the fusion products come from existing storage vendors and typically use flash storage to improve speed and performance.While this may sound expensive, superfusion eliminates the need for expensive storage area networks (SAN).
The superfusion system does not allow you to use existing storage and computing.However, VMware Inc. 's storage product: VSAN will be the key to solving the problem of integration in VMware environments.VSAN is actually a feature of the vSphere that converts existing hardware from an enterprise user into a hyperfusion setting.Other providers typically use storage functions as virtual storage devices or virtual machines running on the host.
About vendor lock-in.
Superfusion vendors are selling simple and hands-free data center management methods.But these systems are absolutely proprietary;When your enterprise purchases such a solution, this means that your enterprise will purchase a large number of infrastructure from the same vendor.Its supporters say the superfusion system is the future of IT, but opponents point out that IT makes no sense to buy more hardware in the traditional hardware IT environment.
While the trend towards convergence is simplistic, the boxes are not necessarily simple.Lack of control may apply to some IT teams, but not to systems engineers who enjoy hands-on hands-on work.
Which companies are using superfusion systems?
The superfusion system has come a long way in the IT companies seeking to simplify operational management.These are likely to be small companies that don't have the resources to manage multiple systems or to think that managing a virtual infrastructure is too complex.For example, a hyperfusion system can take on backup and DR tasks, while also providing high-end storage area networks (SAN) and network hardware.
In general, deploying VDI is ideal for superfusion systems;They can reduce the complexity and performance of storage technologies.
The superfusion system addresses storage and server issues.
The simplicity of the integrated data center product makes the superfusion system popular among small businesses.IT infrastructure vendors in spent more than a decade after sales to the IT enterprises independent servers and storage environment, are now beginning to take different strategies, the server and storage (in some cases, including network) to similar to lego modules.Its greatest benefit is that it can extend capacity and performance, and can be managed as a single system.
The superfusion infrastructure is the logical successor to the integration infrastructure, which is a data center component that has been pre-integrated and tested, such as VCE's Vblock or the FlexPod of NetApp.
"On a technical level, the fusion infrastructure can assemble the best components.If your business follows this approach, your business will find it works."Said Mike Matchett, an IT analyst at Taneja Group."Value is still important, it's more like a vendor's device, and you don't have to worry about patching and upgrading individual components."
These systems have their advantages, but many IT companies see this converged infrastructure as a packaged solution that does not actually address the challenges of the data center infrastructure.
Matchett says that through the integration of grid software, superfusion is further developed.It can automatically discover and add new nodes to the cluster and provide additional computing and storage resources by adding each new module.Many superfusion products also offer a level of storage service (in some cases, with flash memory and custom chip acceleration), as well as a single management interface.
Thus, "you can take advantage of the tight integration efficiency that traditional fusion infrastructure does not have."Matchett said.
Some new suppliers in the data center infrastructure market offer a range of superfusion products.Superfusion products such as Nutanix, SimpliVity and Scale Computing are rooted in storage and reconstitute their products as a comprehensive data center platform.
These systems are one of the only bright spots in the data center infrastructure market.Industry research firm IDC is bullish on the market for any type of so-called "integrated systems" (servers, storage, networks, and common management interfaces).
One-stop shopping
For small companies, the superfusion infrastructure represents a way to modernize their data centers in an accessible and affordable way.
A business services and consulting firm, Project Resources Group (PRG), based in La, Colorado, has launched a Project to replace independent tower servers for the first time and implement virtualization.Joshua Bailey, the IT manager in charge of procurement, was shocked by the prospect of moving from a physical server with a direct attached storage to a virtual server and a storage area network (SAN)."My company is the only one I'm an IT manager. SAN is not something I can manage."In particular, there is no time for proper VMware and SAN training.
This leads to the company considering super integration system, and finally decided to use the Scale Computing HC3. "HC3 fulfil all our points: rebuild their hot-swappable drives, automatically discover and gather your own node."Bailey said.In addition, he says, the system's management interface is so easy to use that he makes it possible to forgo formal training.The company purchased three HC3 nodes and a new switch platform for about $30,000.The HP server, storage and VMware virtualization offers that Bailey received were half as low.Part of the savings is because Scale is built on the open source KVM hypervisor.
Superfusion also applies to companies that have taken the virtualization path but still struggle with the cost and complexity of storage and data protection.
Dairylea Cooperative Inc., an agricultural marketing and services organization based in Syracuse, n.y., has implemented high virtualization, hosting about 120 server virtual machines and nearly 300 virtual desktops on nine VMware hosts.Last year, its IT team resolved a project to upgrade an unreliable backup process and add nonexistent disaster recovery capabilities.'Dairylea is in the middle of buying EMC Avamar and DataDomain to solve its backup problem,' explained Jeremy Wheeler, an innovation designer at Dairylea, adding that there is an iSCSI array that supports copying to a secondary site.
Then they demonstrated Simplivity's OmniCube.Wheeler found that the company could end backup and disaster recovery, and upgrade its servers and SAN infrastructure.The price of the SimpliVity product is the same as the price of the EMC backup solution.
After about six months of procurement cycle, the company decided to withdraw from EMC procurement.Wheeler started the Simplivity installation in mid-january and moved the company's entire virtual server field to a new cluster within three weeks by using VMware's storage migration feature.It took several weeks, but eventually the infrastructure of Dairylea was copied to the disaster recovery site. "suddenly, we had a consistent, off-site backup," Wheeler said.A 1.5 TB of file servers need to replicate the whole weekend in the past, you can now in a less than 60 seconds of time through the snapshot backup, and then use the OmniCube custom storage hardware acceleration at the scene to reproduce, and delete.
The last thing Wheeler plans to do is to move the VDI environment to the OmniCube cluster;He suspended the project until he could verify 40 daily backups and two years of repeated data deletion rates.At present, the repeated data deletion rate is close to 40:1.
'VDI is a popular use case for a hyperfusion platform,' says Mark Bowker, a senior analyst at corporate strategy group in milford, mass.
Not for all businesses.
But for all those who are not satisfied in the fusion system of enterprise customers, there is a lot of IT companies tend to build on existing infrastructure components, rather than buy proprietary hardware system.Emerging software definition storage products (such as Microsoft Windows Server 2012 storage space capabilities and VMware VSAN) have captured their interest.
VMware VSAN is a function of VMware vSphere, which "can transform your enterprise's x86 server platform into a storage platform.""Said Alberto Farronato, director of storage and usability products marketing at VMware.
Unlike products such as SimpliVity and Nutanix (or VMware's early virtual storage devices), VSAN itself runs within the vSphere kernel.The storage feature of Scale Computing HC3 also USES the custom block storage driver in the KVM hypervisor to pass through the kernel.Most other providers use their storage capabilities as virtual storage devices or virtual machines running on the host.
VMware says the kernel-based approach offers some performance advantages."VSAN provides highly optimized data paths."Farronato said."I/O is transmitted through the kernel and is no longer stored in storage devices."More importantly, the VSAN design allows it to be used on any hardware running the vSphere.
VSAN enterprise users are located in Massachusetts Cohasset software development and hosting providers Itrica company, over the years, the company has accumulated a large number of high-performance server equipment, but "still encounters the bottleneck of centralized storage architecture".Dave Sampson, executive vice President and chief technology officer at Itrica, said.The company considers fusion and superfusion products because they want better redundancy and higher scalability without too much CPU and RAM overhead, Sampson says.At the same time, "we want to make better use of our data center's existing footprint and maintain our existing HP server hardware."
So when the VSAN released the beta, Sampson knew, "that's what we want."It provides high I/O and availability and is displayed as another VMware storage volume.Its performance meets the needs of most Itrica customers, and the management interface is fully integrated with the rest of the VMware stack.The company is experimenting with most of the traditional storage hardware and will use the VSAN as the main storage platform for all of its workloads.
In fact, the arrival of VSAN has brought a big shock to the superfusion market, says ESG's Bowker, who expects to see more superfusion ideas starting to appear in existing suppliers.
"Why isn't VMware just using a VSAN on a VSAN to match some hardware?"A further put forward.In fact, there are rumours in the media that Project Mystic, a joint venture between VMware and EMC, the parent company, can do just that.
Similarly, Bowker won't be surprised to see a superfusion product from Microsoft, cisco or NetApp."It's hard to say we're not going in that direction.
When the server and network crash.
At present, most hyperfusion products solve the problem of data center storage, namely IOPS and continuous growth.But there are some emerging platforms that focus on combining computing with the web.Pluribus network company, for example, provides a platform, the platform will stand at the top of the computing and exchange fusion somewhere closer to the backbone network, for those who need than the existing architecture provides higher network performance and the application of visibility, the company's chief marketing officer, Dave Ginsburg said.The company's existing customers include TIBCO, which renamed the white box its next-generation messaging bus architecture and Lucera's financial infrastructure as the basis for its high-frequency trading services.Other use cases may include cloud business process scheduling and management, tier 4 to tier 7 devices or monitoring and analysis.

A comprehensive introduction of color in website design

Website design, without light, there is no color, in fact, there is no dark and no color. I know it sounds strange at first, but no dark color will disappear. Do we need to know what we need to know when we choose color, saturation, and color values for web design? Maybe not! But color theory knowledge stored in your mind can make you a more efficient Webpage Designer, thus becoming a better visual communicator. Absolutely! As far as color is concerned, we all have a lot of views and feelings. But people often lack a clear understanding of what they do. Building a theoretical basis can make us more efficient as a designer. Art school is not a place where most art design students spend a lot of time in their life. Obviously, most of us have no chance to spend years studying color knowledge in design.

There are many notices that you will not think of immediately when choosing the color of the site. There is a warning that it may be a maze that you can never escape. To make up for this, I suggest that when choosing colors, you can first focus on making users feel interested while making reasonable and effective choices to support your design. This seems to be a controllable goal for novice. I know it sounds a bit empty, but when talking about color, subjectivity is not something you can get rid of. Let's say that, it's a good start to learn to choose meaningful colors and to create interesting colors.
If your artistic creativity is developed properly, color can be a powerful weapon for your artistic creation. For web designers, color is usually about the influence of emotion and vision. If used properly, color can guide the audience to understand what is important, and if you don't overuse it, you can play an emphasis on the role. What I want to say is that it is very important to use color skillfully in a design project. Another problem is that you can create a particular mood, an emotional impact, through color, which will further affect the brand concept. The whole topic is actually macroscopical, and we will focus on the most important aspects and terms of color.
Hue
The color phase represents the set of colors at different positions on the color ring. Many times when we talk about color, these colors are actually the most basic pure colors that are in the range of visible light. Healthy human eyes can see 2 million 300 thousand colors; many types of red, blue, green, and so on.
The selection of pure color represents the starting point, such as the original or the most original version, for our work in the design of the site. In our design, it is best to put these choices in the back so as not to be amateur or childish. Have you noticed that children like to use some pure colors to represent their roles? I don't think it's a big surprise. Of course, if you pursue a specific aesthetic, you can also take advantage of this. But most of the time, boyish color scheme is not effective on webpage.
The Envoy Passport web site uses this cartoon style to play its advantage. You can see that these colors are very flat and uncomplicated. But they use this style to convey an impression or idea, which is difficult to describe without imitating the children's works of art.

機房建置：如何定義數據中心的可用性

機房建置，數據中心是一種爲IT設備提供穩定電源和適當環境操作條件的安全基礎設施。通常情況下，數據中心運營將面臨許多不利的因素，因此確保IT設備的電力可用性有着充分的理由。在此討論一下如何定義數據中心的"可用性"。

在數據中心領域，許多人通常將"可用性"和"可靠性"當作同一事物。此外，對於一些人來說，"冗餘"一詞似乎也意味着可用性的含義。
可靠性不是可用性
可靠性是系統或組件在規定的條件下在指定的時間內執行其所需功能的能力。組件的可靠性是基於稱爲平均無故障時間（MTBF）的統計概率的預測，通常以小時（例如100，000小時）來表示。而組件、設備或子系統的MTBF通常取決於數據中心設施的製造商。
系統的可用性通常表示爲時間的百分比。對於數據中心來說，它被稱爲"正常運行時間"，用"9"的數量來量化。人們應該注意的是，普通的5個9（即99.999％）是最初由貝爾公司設置的系統可用性參考標準。
然而，5個9聽起來令人印象深刻，但是，如果以每年8，760小時爲基礎，5個9仍然意味着每年的停機時間爲5.3分鐘。即使6個9也相當於每年的停機時間爲32秒。在當今的全天候運行的IT環境中，這顯然是讓組織不可接受的，因爲IT電源只能容忍小於20毫秒的中斷。而且，這並不一定意味着一年中只發生一次停電事故。這可能面臨多次電力中斷，每次雖然只有幾秒鐘，但累計起來一年的中斷時間平均爲32秒，顯然這將面臨災難性的結果，但這在仍然是數學統計方面是精確的，並且符合6個9的要求。
就可用性聲明而言，重要的區別是預測值與歷史值。在新建數據中心或其規劃設計的情況下，它只能是一個參考，這可能基於其冗餘設備級別和其容錯控制系統的複雜性。相比之下，可用性的歷史數字只代表過去的實際操作經驗。但是，歷史數據不能代表未來的表現。採用"N + 1"冗餘設計的數據中心設施可能在五年的時間內沒有任何中斷，而採用"2N + 1"冗餘設計的數據中心關鍵負載可能在運行的第一年就遭遇了電力中斷。
冗餘代表部署額外的設備，如果主要電源或主要設備不可用時，可以通過故障或在維護期間提供所需的電力或冷卻（定義爲"N"）設備。但是，這種簡單的陳述並不能確保可以無縫地或即時地將負載轉移到輔助設備或附加設備運行。
舉一個簡單的例子，在市電中斷期間，備用發電機啓動並能夠爲負載供電，其啓動的時間通常爲10至30秒。顯然，這對於IT設備不起任何作用，並且需要使用具有足夠能量儲備的UPS來提供不間斷的電力。對於冷卻系統而言，其可接受的時間根據冷卻系統的類型而不同，對於低功率密度設備來說，可以堅持5到30分鐘，對於功率密度非常高的IT設備來說，則只能堅持 15到60秒的時間。
具備彈性的冗餘設備來控制電力設備和冷卻設備以支持IT負載。冗餘設備本身並不排除發生瞬間或短暫的中斷。人們使用容錯設計和冗餘設備（N + 1，N + 2等）和關鍵電源路徑（N，2N等）的組合在可接受的時間範圍內來提供電源和冷卻（以及網絡連接）服務，讓IT設備在電力不中斷的情況下運行。
雖然擁有可靠性高的設備可以減少系統故障的機會，但不能確保更高的可用性。"可用性"的真正基礎是冗餘設備、容錯設計以及電源和冷卻系統的控制和傳輸時間的重要性。實際上，人們永遠不要把數據中心的可用性寄託在設備的預計可靠性上。
企業需要採取更全面的方法。綠色網格組織正在開發其數據中心可用性開放標準（OSDA）的首個版本。雖然並不打算與Uptime Institute Tier 4級別系統進行直接的競爭，但OSDA概念適用於電源設備和冷卻系統的冗餘級別的經典視圖，但它也在整體方案中結合了多站點數據複製功能，以增加邏輯應用程序的可用性，而不僅僅是保持數據中心基礎設施的現狀。
OSDA系統也更加靈活，因爲它允許不同層次的電源和冷卻設備實現冗餘，而不是那些確實認識到某些組織（或某些應用）可能需要更高電氣冗餘的不太靈活的框架，例如採用2"N+1"冗餘，其實只需實現"N+1"冗餘。在完全開發之後，OSDA平臺和工具集可用於評估多站點數據複製如何提供相同或更高級別的應用程序可用性（這就是爲什麼首先構建數據中心的原因），其規模爲1-10，甚至在使用較低的冗餘級別的數據中心基礎設施時也是如此。
很多企業的管理層認爲雲計算是一種"完美"解決方案，因爲它將會消除與數據中心以及IT硬件相關的所有資本和運營成本以及人員成本。雖然它被盲目地推定爲總是可用的，但實際上，雲計算服務提供商的基礎服務更加模糊或完全不透明。儘管如此，即使在今天，許多機構和商業組織也沒有真正能夠決定採用一種有意義的方法來評估雲計算服務的可用性。
計算架構已經變得非常活躍並且持續不斷髮展，而且很明顯，大多數組織已經放棄建設或運營自己的數據中心設施。許多企業採用主機託管服務提供商提供的託管服務，他們可以使用基於冗餘方法的傳統數據中心基礎設施方法對其進行評估。因此，採託管數據中心和雲計算的混合方法已成爲許多組織目前最喜歡的策略。
很多人對長期實施的"數據中心可用性"的行業標準（由Uptime Institute創始人Ken Brill創建的四級Tier分類系統）提出一些不同的意見。雖然它仍然是一個有價值的（也是最基本的）概念和索引，但它只是評估數據中心設施基礎設施的可用性，而沒有評估IT硬件、軟件以及數據本身的可用性。在虛擬化和數據複製的時代，其基於數據中心的"可用性評級"只是側重於數據中心設施電力和製冷基礎設施的冗餘水平，雖然這也很重要，但它不應該成爲評估計算系統和存儲數據的可用性的唯一因素。
因此，在規劃和構建總體計算策略時，軟件和應用程序需求的功能彈性應該是更重要的因素之一。例如，開放計算項目組織提出需要對IT硬件的物理、電氣和邏輯方面以及電氣設備、機械基礎設施和建築物本身設計進行全面的再思考。而這也是開放計算項目成員（如Facebook，Google和微軟等超大規模運營商）運營的考慮因素。在許多情況下，它們的設備冗餘級別相對較低（例如，某些系統爲"N"或N + 1），但由於其軟件故障切換冗餘和多站點數據複製，其整體可用性很高。雖然這些需求的某些特徵與傳統企業組織有着根本的區別，但這些設計、設備和軟件策略的某些方面，如果使用適當的話，應該加以考慮和採納。
最後但並非最不重要的一點是，如今比特幣被人們認爲世界未來貨幣的基礎。大多數最新和最大的比特幣數據中心運營模式似乎與傳統數據中心設施相反。事實上，其數據中心許多設備都沒有配備UPS、備用發電機，很少使用或沒有冷卻設備。他們的唯一目的就是使比特幣採礦成本降到最低，一旦電力中斷就可以停下來，而不會造成損壞，並在電力恢復後立即開始採礦。因此，其即使只有兩個9的電力設施的可用性比大量附加初始成本和運營成本的、電源鏈完備的數據中心設施更具成本效益。
儘管如此，越來越大的託管數據中心設施、雲服務數據中心，以及混合解決方案將在未來幾年佔據主導地位，組織需要評估每個整體解決方案的長期成本和風險。在這個不斷髮展的計算環境中，構成"可用性"的內容是基於其目的而作出的最佳選擇，而不是僅僅依賴於嚴格標準的傳統的Tier 4級數據中心設施。

Data center migration, how to improve enterprise network security

Data center migration, if someone asks how many technology is included in the enterprise's network security portfolio, can it be answered correctly? Many IT and security professionals do not respond well to this because they have a variety of security factors. For some enterprises, understanding their own assets should be an important part of its overall security situation, and then it will face the problem of technology spread.

Malware technology and applications are developing every day, and many companies think that investing in this problem is a safe way to reduce risk. They will buy new services or products to deal with the latest threats, and then deploy it, and think that this is a safe way. In view of this common practice, it is not surprising that in the next five years (from 2017 to 2021), the expenditure of global network security products and services is expected to exceed US $1 trillion.
But this security strategy not only wastes money, but also the IT infrastructure is made up of various solutions. These solutions are not designed for common work. In many cases, this will make the foundation of the enterprise loopholes, so that the network criminals can be successfully infiltrated. The fact is, more spending does not always mean reducing the occurrence of violations.
The best way to avoid this vicious circle is to take the initiative to manage its own network security portfolio and put optimization and choreography in the first place. The following are the three steps to help the enterprise begin to implement.
1. eliminate the "waste" of network security tools
It is not hard to understand how many IT environments become a chaotic point solution. Over the years, investment, acquisition and merger have promoted the expansion and spread of technology, and it is urgent to buy the best products constantly, so as to cope with the current advanced threats.
But to buy too many security products, the effect will disappoint the enterprise. Managing the extensive network of the third party suppliers requires a lot of time and resources, the creation of solutions, and the seamless integration of products, which is a difficult task. Some enterprises develop their own internal solutions to connect different systems, but most of which only increase support burdens and prevent them from upgrading or upgrading effectively.
Eliminate unnecessary or unnecessary products and eliminate waste in the portfolio of network security products. This will help companies focus on solutions that have proven commercial value and reduce the number of secure suppliers that must be managed.
2. optimize the existing investment
Since there are some limited security solutions for enterprises to use, the next step is to make sure to make full use of them. The safety products purchased by many enterprises have never been used. In fact, a number of research studies have shown that as many as 30% of the security software purchases have never been deployed. Therefore, the enterprise needs to assess any internal architecture and deploy solutions suitable for the enterprise's overall security strategy.
There are other useful methods to ensure that the enterprise can make full use of the existing security portfolio, including health checks to ensure that the solution to the performance and efficiency of operation of the highest available safety function and check tool, to determine which enterprises can use without the use of function.
3. wise consideration of future security expenditure
Enterprises need to reconsider how to deal with security expenditure. Stop buying and renewing new products to meet the predefined strategy of the enterprise. On the contrary, before buying every new product, carefully weigh the need for the best technology and the importance of building a fully integrated product, service and system security infrastructure. The technology of investment automation tasks and the realization of choreography (arranging these automated tasks) will help to achieve this goal, while enabling IT and security teams to concentrate on dealing with business priorities and high priority businesses.
In order to cope with the attack of today's complex cyber criminals, enterprises must transform their security infrastructure and operation from passive, clumsy and product centered mode to a planned, predictable, optimized mode.
The right to complete the security
Like many things in life, when it comes to network security, investing a lot of money is not the best solution. Buying a lot of safety tools may have opposite effects. There are many reasons for it, including making infrastructure more complex and difficult to manage, prompting staff burnout, and causing Internet criminals to be increasingly good at exploiting loopholes. Nowadays, companies do not need more safety products. They need the right strategy, the right infrastructure, the right policies and processes, and optimize their network security portfolio. This is the first step to achieve this goal.